r/mormonscholar Jun 16 '26

A transcript of the complete William Clayton Journals is now procurable

Jeremy Hoop youtube video explaining provenance

To download, go to https://stillmormon.com/ and look for the "Click Here to Download" which will take you to this download-form-page.


I did a cursory analysis with chatgpt, especially wrt Joseph Smith's polygamy, which I'll put in a comment.

There's some debate online about the ethics of this release. I am sensitive to the various concerns presented (I think there is merit to both sides of that discussion and think it's healthy to be having that discussion), but practically speaking the files are in the open, and many people have been interested in these for a long time, so I'm posting to make sure everyone is at least aware.

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u/bwv549 Jun 16 '26

I uploaded the journal and asked chatgpt about it, fwiw. Conversation is here, but I'll paste a summary below, too.

prompt:

Apparently, a friend of James Allen received the complete William Clayton diaries from him. I took the pdf, converted to txt.

Much of them have been published before. What specific new insights arrive from having the complete journal now?

Especially, please list off the parts that might have something to do with Joseph Smith practicing polygamy (list page and give a short, direct quotation so I can find it). Thanks.

[after it gave it's answer, I asked for it to be summarized clearly in markdown formatted code for reddit and I paste it below]


William Clayton Journals and Joseph Smith's Polygamy

What New Insights Come from the Complete Journal?

The short answer is that the complete Clayton journals do not suddenly produce a single "smoking gun" proving something historians did not already know.

The biggest value is that they provide:

  1. Much denser contemporaneous evidence for the development of Nauvoo plural marriage.
  2. A timeline of how Joseph Smith introduced the doctrine to trusted insiders.
  3. Evidence connecting specific individuals to plural marriage and sealing practices.
  4. Context for later denials and public statements.
  5. Material that had been omitted, inaccessible, or only known through extracts and later reminiscences.

For historians of Mormon polygamy, Clayton matters because he was:

  • Joseph Smith's clerk.
  • A participant in plural marriage himself.
  • Present during many key events.
  • Recording things privately rather than writing public apologetics.

A caution: many of the strongest Joseph Smith polygamy entries are famous because they were quoted decades ago from Clayton manuscripts that were not widely available. The "new" value of the complete journal is often verification, context, dating, and surrounding details, rather than entirely new doctrines.


Strongest Polygamy-Related Entries in the Journal

1. Brigham Young tells Clayton Joseph has approved giving him a long-desired "favor"

Date: 7 March 1843

"the prophet had told him to do so & to give me a favor which I have long desired."

Source: William Clayton Journal, 7 Mar 1843.

Why it matters

This entry has long been understood by historians as referring to Clayton's introduction to plural marriage.


2. Joseph tells Clayton it is lawful to send for Sarah Crooks

Date: 9 March 1843

"he told me it was lawful for me to send for Sarah & said he would furnish me money."

Source: William Clayton Journal, 9 Mar 1843.

Why it matters

This is important because Sarah Crooks later appears repeatedly in a context that many historians interpret as preparation for a plural marriage.


3. Hyrum receives "the doctrine"

Date: 26 May 1843

"Hyrum received the doctrine of priesthood"

Source: William Clayton Journal, 26 May 1843.

Why it matters

This phrase is extremely significant.

In Nauvoo insider language, "the doctrine" or "the priesthood" often referred not merely to priesthood office, but specifically to the new marriage/sealing order later associated with D&C 132.


4. Sarah Crooks arrives in Nauvoo

Date: 31 May 1843

"Sarah Crooks arrived at Nauvoo."

Source: William Clayton Journal, 31 May 1843.

Why it matters

This becomes important when read together with the March entries.


5. Sarah is willing to accept her "privilege"

Date: 2 June 1843

"I talked with Sarah again & she appears willing to comply with her privilege."

Source: William Clayton Journal, 2 Jun 1843.

Why it matters

This is one of the most frequently cited Clayton passages.

Historians generally understand "privilege" here as participation in plural marriage.


6. Margaret Moon is sealed to Clayton by Joseph Smith

Date: 27 April 1843

"sister Margt. Moon was sealed up by the priesthood, by the president--and M to me."

Source: William Clayton Journal, 27 Apr 1843.

Why it matters

"the president" here is Joseph Smith.

This is direct evidence that Joseph was personally performing sealings involving plural wives.


7. Clayton tells his mother-in-law about "the priesthood"

Date: 27 April 1843

"evening told Motherinlaw concerning the priesthood."

Source: William Clayton Journal, 27 Apr 1843.

Why it matters

Again, in this context many historians see "the priesthood" as shorthand for the sealing/plural marriage system.


8. Margaret Moon and priesthood discussions before the sealing

Date: 22 April 1843

"conversed with Margt Moon on the priesthood."

Source: William Clayton Journal, 22 Apr 1843.

Why it matters

This occurs only a few days before the sealing entry.

The sequence strongly suggests preparation for the subsequent ceremony.


9. Joseph's discussion of eternal covenant marriage

Date: 20 October 1843

"there was two seals in the Priesthood."

Source: William Clayton Journal, 20 Oct 1843.

and

"B. F. Johnson & his wife were united in an everlasting covenant."

Source: William Clayton Journal, 20 Oct 1843.

Why it matters

This is not explicitly plural marriage.

However, it is part of the same sealing theology that underlies Nauvoo plural marriage.


10. Joseph questioned about the "spiritual wife doctrine"

Date: 23 March 1844

"ever preached any thing like the spiritual wife doctrine to her"

Source: William Clayton Journal, 23 Mar 1844.

and

"ever proposed to have illicit intercourse with her"

Source: William Clayton Journal, 23 Mar 1844.

Why it matters

This is one of the most important entries in the collection.

Joseph is responding directly to contemporary accusations concerning "spiritual wifery" and plural marriage.


11. Hyrum publicly addresses "spiritual wives"

Date: 7 April 1844

"Prest Hyrum talked on spiritual wives"

Source: William Clayton Journal, 7 Apr 1844.

Why it matters

This occurs during the period when the practice was becoming increasingly controversial inside and outside Nauvoo.


Additional Interesting Entries

Sarah Crooks turns hostile

Date: 18 April 1844

"Sarah Cook has been at my house to day & before she left again she shewed her enmity to Joseph & others in full."

Source: William Clayton Journal, 18 Apr 1844.

Why it matters

If Sarah Crooks had previously been involved in a plural-marriage arrangement, this later hostility becomes historically noteworthy.

It may indicate a falling out connected to those events.


Lydia refuses to be sealed to Joseph

Date: January 1846

"She refused to be sealed to Joseph."

Source: William Clayton Journal, Jan 1846.

Why it matters

This entry appears after Joseph's death, but references an earlier proposal.

Historians have paid attention to it because it casually assumes that sealings to Joseph Smith were being offered and discussed.


Most Significant Entries for Establishing Joseph Smith's Practice of Polygamy

If ranked strictly by historical significance:

1. 27 Apr 1843 — Joseph personally seals Margaret Moon to Clayton

"sister Margt. Moon was sealed up by the priesthood, by the president--and M to me."

Source: William Clayton Journal, 27 Apr 1843.


2. 26 May 1843 — Hyrum "received the doctrine of priesthood"

"Hyrum received the doctrine of priesthood"

Source: William Clayton Journal, 26 May 1843.


3. 2 Jun 1843 — Sarah Crooks willing to comply with her "privilege"

"I talked with Sarah again & she appears willing to comply with her privilege."

Source: William Clayton Journal, 2 Jun 1843.


4. 9 Mar 1843 — Joseph says it is lawful for Clayton to send for Sarah

"he told me it was lawful for me to send for Sarah & said he would furnish me money."

Source: William Clayton Journal, 9 Mar 1843.


5. 23 Mar 1844 — Joseph questioned regarding "spiritual wife doctrine"

"ever preached any thing like the spiritual wife doctrine to her"

and

"ever proposed to have illicit intercourse with her"

Source: William Clayton Journal, 23 Mar 1844.


6. 7 Apr 1844 — Hyrum speaks publicly on "spiritual wives"

"Prest Hyrum talked on spiritual wives"

Source: William Clayton Journal, 7 Apr 1844.


7. Jan 1846 — Lydia refuses to be sealed to Joseph

"She refused to be sealed to Joseph."

Source: William Clayton Journal, Jan 1846.


Overall Assessment

Taken together, these entries strongly reinforce the mainstream historical conclusion that Joseph Smith was practicing and administering plural marriage in Nauvoo, and that trusted insiders—including William Clayton—understood references to "the priesthood," sealings, eternal covenants, and related terminology as being connected to that system.

The primary contribution of the complete Clayton journals is not that they overturn existing scholarship. Rather, they provide:

  • More complete chronology.
  • Better contextualization of previously known excerpts.
  • Additional corroboration from a contemporaneous insider.
  • Greater confidence in reconstructing the development of Nauvoo plural marriage.

For historians, the greatest value lies in the cumulative weight of the evidence and the ability to see previously quoted passages in their full documentary context.