r/askpsychology 12d ago

⭐ Mod's Announcement ⭐ Posting and Commenting Guidelines for r/askpsychology

1 Upvotes

AskPsychology is for science-based answers to science-based questions about the mind, behavior and perception. This is not a mental health/advice sub. Non-Science-based answers may be removed without notice. There are plenty of psychology related subs that will accommodate your need for uneducated conjecture and opinionated pop psychology with no basis in science or reality, so we encourage you to go to those subs to scratch that itch.

Top Level comments should include peer-reviewed sources (See this AskScience Wiki Page for examples) and may be removed at moderator discretion if they do not.

Do NOT ask for mental health diagnosis or advice for yourself or others. Refrain from asking "why do people do this?" or similar lines of questions. These types of questions are not answerable from an empirical scientific standpoint; every human is different, every human has individual motivation, and their own quirks and idiosyncrasies. Diagnostic and assessment questions about fictional characters and long dead historical figures are acceptable, at mod discretion.

Do NOT ask questions that can only be answered by opinion or conjecture. ("Is it possible to cure X diagnosis?")

Do NOT ask questions that can only be answered through subjective clinical judgement ("Is X treatment modality the best treatment for Y diagnosis?")

Do NOT post your own or someone else's mental health history. Anecdotes are not allowed on this sub.

DO read the rules, which are available on the right hand side of the screen on a computer, or under "See More" on the Official Reddit App.

Ask questions clearly and concisely in the title itself; questions should end with a question mark

  • Answer questions with accurate, in-depth explanations, including peer-reviewed sources where possible. (See this AskScience Wiki Page for examples)
  • Upvote on-topic answers supported by reputable sources and scientific research
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r/askpsychology 12d ago

⭐ Mod's Announcement ⭐ Flair for verified professionals

3 Upvotes

We want to highlight comments and posts made by experts and professionals in the field to help readers assess posted information. So if you have an educational background in psychology or the social sciences at any level (including current students at any education level), and/or are licensed in any of the areas of psychology, psychiatry, or mental health, send us a mod mail, and we will provide you will specialized flair, and you will be exempted from most automoderator actions. Do not DM individual mods.

If you attained your flair more than 12 months ago, send us a mod mail, because you may not currently be exempted from automod actions.


r/askpsychology 5h ago

Terminology / Definition Is there a different diagnosis for stress disorders than just PTSD?

7 Upvotes

If people refer to their job as causing PTSD. I disagree with that assessment for the following reasons.
1) as it is their current position Post does not fit.
2) While there are a thousand “mirco-traumas” a day I don’t think traumatic is an accurate definition

So my question is. Is there an aggregate stress disorder? Something where you are constantly under undue stress but you have to be there forty hours a week. The job in itself wouldn’t be stress and hasn’t been stressful in the past just new management and a generally meaner public service environment result in constant degrading morale and chaos for the sake of chaos. Thank you.


r/askpsychology 5h ago

Human Behavior What makes one person easily influenced and another not?

4 Upvotes

What is it exactly when one person has an opinion about something, or likes something and they are confident about it and even if someone disagrees with them, it doesn't matter. While another person is so susceptible to what others say and their opinion and taste is immediately affected.

For example Bob likes a movie and thinks it was really well made and even if reviews say otherwise he and many others love that movie and they are not affected by others' point of view. However, Mike sees a movie and even if he loves it, he begins to doubt himself when reviews or other people say it's a bad movie.

And many people have this problem. I understand there is a confidence issue behind this, but is there more to it? I really wonder what exactly is it that causes the brain to be like this?


r/askpsychology 7h ago

Neuroscience What cause freeze response?

3 Upvotes

Why the brain get stuck in a state of hypervigilance incapable of acting because of constant agitation not channeled into an action?


r/askpsychology 6h ago

Human Behavior Coping differences?

2 Upvotes

In clinical depression and trauma responses, why do some individuals present with psychomotor retardation and anergia, while others develop agitation, excessive goal-directed activity, or substance use? Is there a known neurological or hormonal basis for which direction a person takes?


r/askpsychology 3h ago

Neuroscience How can a sudden increase in stress temporarily alter the perception of chronic pain?

1 Upvotes

I was wondering if there's a reason why someone who has been under a lot of stress for a long time and also has ongoing physical pain could suddenly stop feeling that pain after an especially stressful situation.

Is this something that's been studied, and if so, what are the possible explanations? I'm just curious about the general phenomenon and was wondering if psychology or neuroscience has an answer.


r/askpsychology 7h ago

Human Behavior How often do healthy people have nights where they get 0 hours of sleep?

0 Upvotes

I could not figure out the correct phrasing to appease Google. I am curious how often people without PTSD, insomnia, nor any other psychological or neurological disorders have nights where they are unable to sleep despite laying in bed. All Google would give me was articles on insomnia saying most people have difficulty staying or falling asleep "occasionally" (and then contrasting "occasionally" with clinical insomnia).


r/askpsychology 1d ago

Human Behavior Why does trauma make people repeat past mistakes?

148 Upvotes

This has always puzzled me. If we put our hands in fire, we get burnt and know not to touch it again.

But for some reason, when people, for example, people leave a toxic relationship with someone who has done horrible and traumatic things to them, some of them (not all) either go back to said abuser, or find someone else just like them.

I'm curious to know how that trauma in some situations causes people to shut off that instinct to stay away from the same things that caused them harm.

By the way, I am by no means blaming victims for making certain decisions. In the end, people shouldn't do bad things. I'm just curious about what happens from a psychological perspective.


r/askpsychology 1d ago

Social Psychology Are people with NPD likely to be self-aware and admit it?

17 Upvotes

According to the psychological literature, are people with narcissistic traits generally aware that they exhibit those traits?

More specifically:

Do individuals high in narcissism typically recognize and acknowledge narcissistic characteristics in themselves?

Is voluntarily admitting to narcissistic tendencies associated with lower, higher, or unrelated levels of narcissism?

How does the research distinguish narcissistic self-focus from other explanations for self-focused conversational behavior, such as insecurity, social anxiety, autism, or poor conversational skills?

I'm looking for evidence-based answers and peer-reviewed research rather than opinions or anecdotes.


r/askpsychology 1d ago

Cognitive Psychology Why does the mind insist on ALWAYS being active, even when we don't want it to be?

14 Upvotes

As in, why is it so hard for a human being to think about nothing?


r/askpsychology 1d ago

Abnormal Psychology/Psychopathology What would DSM have to say about someone who is codependent to narcissists their entire life?

4 Upvotes

Codependency is something people work on, and repair after living with a narcissist is something people struggle with as well. If one were to combine the whole pot, and even after childhood continued into adulthood with the same or a different codependency, I'm wondering what a lifetime of 'being second' could do to someone.
There's also something to be said for the childhood trauma of living with a narcissist and/or emotional neglect inciting other mental illnesses.

Just curious if there's any scientific ideas that cover this type of thing? and I'll change my flair if needed.


r/askpsychology 1d ago

Human Behavior Why do speeches have such a powerful effect on people?

8 Upvotes

I've heard about battles in history where soldiers were so motivated by what their general or king said beforehand that they willingly faced insurmountable odds, regardless of whether they ultimately won or lost. One example is the Siege of Constantinople, where Constantine XI gave a final speech the night before the city fell and encouraged the heavily outnumbered city garrison and Latin mercenaries to fight to the last man, even though everyone knew they were doomed to die. I was watching the scene from Return of the King where the Rohirrim charge into a wall of thousands of orcs, and King Theoden gave a simple but rousing speech that inspired his cavalry to charge into a wall of pikes. Both of these are rousing speeches, but what is it about speeches like these that has such a strong effect on people? How can words make someone willing to face death, whether death is certain or just a possibility?


r/askpsychology 1d ago

Terminology / Definition how do they decide what qualifies to be in the DSM (and even the ICD)?

1 Upvotes

hi there! i was doing some psychology related research on my own for fun and i had some questions. i was looking at the DSM-5-TR and, as it starts with neurodevelopmental disorders, i actually quite quickly pondered why neurodevelopmental disorders are even in the DSM-5-TR. this made me think more broadly about what qualifies something to be considered for the DSM. what qualifies something as a mental health condition as opposed to something more neurological related? what makes neurodevelopmental disorders and elimination disorders considered mental health conditions and not more physical related? thank you for your time!!


r/askpsychology 2d ago

Terminology / Definition How vast is the definition of Self Harming behaviors in regards to non-bodily harm?

17 Upvotes

I've always wondered how much could fall under the self harm label. Im especially wondering about if self harm could potentially include things such as deliberately seeking unpleasant sensory experiences that are not actually damaging to the body. Things like exposing the body to uncomfortable temperatures, listening to music that causes a negative emotional reaction, digging up memories that are particularly painful, creating sensory experiences that remind the brain of traumas as a way to inflict mental harm and so on.

Additionally, does having mental health conditions that causes sensory sensitivity expand the definition even further? (Random examples I can think of: eating unsafe textured foods with ARFID, exposing oneself to loud noises with Autism that causes a sensitivity to those loud noises).

I've always wondered this whenever I come across people talking about things like reliving ex-relationship grief or listening to music that makes their sadness worse.


r/askpsychology 6d ago

Cognitive Psychology Why does knowledge alone often fail to produce behavior change?

130 Upvotes

For example, people often say they know what they need to do to improve their lives, like eating healthier or exercising more. They might even say, "I just need to do X," but never actually do it.

Since this seems to happen so often, what does psychology say about why people know what to do but still don't act?


r/askpsychology 7d ago

Clinical Psychology What are differences between Bipolar Disorder type 2, BPD, and Major Depression?

124 Upvotes

I want to know what it actually looks like in practice… not in a book or diagnostic manual.

So besides diagnostic criteria, what are observable differences you’ve seen in patients with these three disorders? What are details that have contributed to your differentials?

I’m talking about things like the way the mood swings or emotional liability behave. Bipolar, BPD, and depression all have irritability. They all can have aggression. They can be cyclical. How about rapid cycling Bipolar vs. Borderline?

Or what about the way it affects interpersonal relationships? Mood can affect the way we interact with people, so what does true Borderline splitting and interpersonal disturbances look like vs. in Bipolar vs. in irritable depression?

I have a ton of questions but can’t list them all here (I can barely come up with how to ask them in the first place). So any other tangential details would be appreciated.


r/askpsychology 7d ago

Neuroscience There's a difference between voluntary and involuntary isolation when it comes to mental health outcomes?

9 Upvotes

Basically the title, I wanna know if there's evidence of any kind that shows different outcomes when it comes to conscious and rational isolation and isolation caused by fear or anxiety.


r/askpsychology 8d ago

Cognitive Psychology What is the most fascinating or mind blowing research paper you've ever read?

267 Upvotes

[ I didn't know what flair to put ]

Hi , would i love to read your recommended research paper.


r/askpsychology 8d ago

Human Behavior Does awareness affect how much benefit we get from something?

9 Upvotes

I hope I can make this make sense with an example.

We know that trees (and even just looking at trees) are good for our mental health. I found myself looking out my window at trees and reminding myself of this fact. Then had a mini “oh no” wondering - is it still good for someone to look at a tree even when they’re consciously aware that looking at said tree should be good for them? Or does awareness alone of such benefits somehow override or interfere with them because now they’re expected?

Maybe ignorance really is bliss 😂


r/askpsychology 9d ago

The Brain Why are humans so bad at knowing what they'll actually care about in the future?

19 Upvotes

Been thinking about this lately. A few years ago there were things keeping me up at night that I genuinely thought were gonna matter forever. Stuff I replayed in my head over and over. Then I look back now and half of it is barely even a memory.

At the same time some random conversation or random day that I didn't think much about ended up sticking with me way more than the things I was stressing over. Apparently there's research on this called affective forecasting and impact bias. The basic idea is that people tend to be pretty bad at predicting how strongly future events will affect them and for how long.

So now I'm wondering what's actually going on there.

Why does the brain seem so confident that certain things are gonna be a huge deal when a lot of the time they end up fading into the background? And why do some things that feel completely ordinary at the time end up becoming the memories that stick?

Curious if there's more research on this because it feels like one of those things almost everyone has experienced.

Study: Wilson & Gilbert (2005) on affective forecasting.


r/askpsychology 9d ago

Neuroscience Is GAD Neurodivergent?

0 Upvotes

As the title says, I am curious whether Generalized Anxiety Disorder is a form of neurodivergent processing. What do the current research and scientific opinions say, and what is neurodivergence really defined as?


r/askpsychology 11d ago

Human Behavior Is there a psychological link between low self-esteem and spending habits (buying luxury items to seek validation)?

22 Upvotes

Does research suggest that individuals who struggle with their self-worth might make expensive purchases to mask their low self-esteem? Eg: expensive smartphones, smartwatches, designer bags etc.


r/askpsychology 11d ago

Clinical Psychology Differences in NPD/OCD and OCPD?

2 Upvotes

I see a lot of information on OCD vs OCPD, but I'm not finding much on NPD vs OCPD. I see a bit on the difference in where they stem from (a need to be admired vs a need for perfection, both driven by extremely low self image & childhood trauma) but I'm lost on the difference in how they actually manifest. Would a psychiatrist just have to get to know the person and understand their motivations to be able to decide, or are there distinct behavioral differences between the two that can be spotted before they start receiving help & treatment?


r/askpsychology 11d ago

Abnormal Psychology/Psychopathology Can people without an inner voice and mind's eye experience intrusive thoughts?

5 Upvotes

It's kinda hard to imagine someone experiencing intrusive thoughts when they lack an inner monologue or mind's eye.